What No Individual Can Buy Alone.

The largest topic in the Commons pillar. Public goods are the things no individual can buy alone — digital infrastructure, transportation networks, essential utilities, financial-system access. They are categorically not luxuries; they are the substrate on which markets and individual freedoms operate. The proposals here use the full range of mechanisms a republic has available: federally chartered government-sponsored enterprises with market cross-subsidy (housing), public corporations funded by household access fees and private investment (a federal grid backbone), open-access mandates for taxpayer-funded research, and direct provision where no other mechanism will work. Not charity, not subsidy, but assets a republic builds — or charters — because no other unit of civilization can deliver them at the necessary scale.